13

COSMO Solvation Model

Introduction
Solvent Parameters
Solvation Integration
COSMO Dedicated Keywords
Example Calculation
Input File (cosmo/cosmo.dat) :
Archive File (cosmo/cosmo.arc) :
Output File (cosmo/cosmo.out) :

Introduction

COSMO-RS is the solvation model of Andreas Klamt. COSMO is an abbreviation for "Conductor-like Screening Model" and belongs to the class of dielectric continuum models. [27] COSMO-RS is an extension of the original COSMO model, where the RS stands for "Real Solvents." [28]

Solvent Parameters

When COSMO is used, parameters for water are assumed. These parameters may be overridden by the use of keywords. The solvent's dielectric constant can be set by DIELEC (or EPS). Similarly, the index of refraction of the solvent can be set by IOFR (or REFRACT). Similarly the solvent's molecular radius for use in the integration is specified by RSOLV.

Solvation Integration

The molecular surface is defined in COSMO as the sum of overlapping van der Waals radii, RαvdW, about each atom, α. (These van der Waals radii can be set by keyword VDW.) The solvent is approximated as a sphere of radius, Rsolv (which is set by RSOLV). The surface available to the solvent's centers is therefore given as the surface defined by the sum of overlapping radii, Rα, where Rα = RαvdW + Rsolv. The effective charges which are responsible for the dielectric screening will not be located at the centers of solvent molecules but instead located at distance, δSC from the molecular center. (The effective molecular radius, δSC, is set by DELSC.) The solvent accessible surface is then defined by the sum of overlapping radii, Rα*, where Rα* = Rα - δSC. (By default, DELSC is set to being equal to RSOLV, which makes Rα* = RαvdW. In general, DELSC should not be adjusted.)

Figure 13.1. Schematic representation of the Solvent Accessible Surface (SAS)

Schematic representation of the Solvent Accessible Surface (SAS)

The basic grid for the solvent accessible surface is constructed for each individual atom, α, with points distributed evenly on a sphere of radius Rα. Grid points for atom, α, that fall within the van der Waals radii of another atom, β, will be discarded so that each grid point is uniquely associated with a single atom. Surviving points are then contracted to the sphere of radius, Rα*, which then represents the allowed positions for the screening charges and define the solvent accessible surface. Each of the screening points are grouped into compact segments. NSPA (number of segments per atom) determines the number of segments used and may be specified by the user. (Increasing NSPA improves accuracy but also correspondingly increases computation time.) This algorithm the procedure to generate a relatively small number of segments composed of sets of basic points needed to compute the segment interaction components.

The electrostatic interaction energies are computed between distinct pairs of solvation segments. The interaction between two segments is calculated simply as the sum of pairwise Coulomb interactions over the points in each segment. If the distance between segments is greater than a certain distance (set by DISEX), then a two point approximation is used in place of an exact summation.

COSMO Dedicated Keywords

This section contains an alphabetical list of all COSMO keywords. Note, certain COSMO dedicated keywords, are also used with AMSOL's SM5C and SM5CR models.

COSMO

Invoke the COSMO solvation model.

COSMOWRT

Write out data for further COSMO processing.

DELSC

Specify the effective molecular radius of the desired solvent.

DIELEC

Specify the dielectric constant for desired solvent. (Equivalent to EPS)

DISEX

Distance threshold for using two-point interaction approximation.

EPS

Specify the dielectric constant for desired solvent. (Equivalent to DIELEC)

IOFR

Specify the index of refraction of the desired solvent. (Equivalent to REFRACT)

NSPA

Specify the number of segments per atom.

REFRACT

Specify the index of refraction of the desired solvent. (Equivalent to IOFR)

RSOLV

Specify the molecular radius of the desired solvent.

VDW

Specify an element's van der Waals radius.

Example Calculation

Input File (cosmo/cosmo.dat) :

  am1 rhf singlet cosmo 1scf bonds grad t=auto
Alanine
COSMO
 C              0.000000  0    0.000000  0    0.000000  0
 C              1.530000  1    0.000000  0    0.000000  0
 O              2.154300  1    1.059800  1    0.000000  0
 N              2.105600  1   -1.154500  1    0.000000  1
 C              3.562000  1   -1.256300  1    0.000000  1
 C              3.970900  1   -2.730700  1    0.000000  1
 O              3.116500  1   -3.615500  1    0.000000  1
 N              5.237200  1   -2.976800  1    0.000000  1
 C              5.724600  1   -4.353100  1    0.000000  1
 H             -0.360500  1    1.018100  1    0.000000  1
 H             -0.360500  1   -0.509000  1   -0.881700  1
 H             -0.360500  1   -0.509000  1    0.881700  1
 H              1.545000  1   -1.993400  1    0.000000  1
 H              3.957200  1   -0.773700  1   -0.881700  1
 H              5.895800  1   -2.212400  1    0.000000  1
 H              6.804600  1   -4.353100  1    0.000000  1
 H              5.365100  1   -4.862800  1   -0.881700  1
 H              5.365100  1   -4.862800  1    0.881700  1
 C              4.121800  1   -0.572600  1    1.249000  1
 H              3.834800  1    0.468600  1    1.249300  1
 H              5.199200  1   -0.648400  1    1.249300  1
 H              3.727200  1   -1.054500  1    2.131300  1
 0              0.000000  0    0.000000  0    0.000000  0

Archive File (cosmo/cosmo.arc) :

 Timestamp: 2004-02-12-14-41-04-0000003214-hpux

                     SUMMARY OF   AM1   CALCULATION
                                                       Feb-12-2004
                          AMPAC Version 8.13
                             Presented by:

                        Semichem, Inc.
                        PO Box 1649
                        Shawnee KS 66222
                        (913)268-3271
                        (913)268-3445 (fax)

 FORMULA: C6H12N2O2
 Alanine
 COSMO

     1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO NO OPTIMIZATION ATTEMPTED
     SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED

          FINAL HEAT OF FORMATION =     -83.390942 kcal **     1
                                  =    -348.991092 kJ **
          ELECTRONIC ENERGY       =   -9445.424626 eV
          CORE-CORE REPULSION     =    7456.602843 eV
          TOTAL ENERGY            =   -1988.821782 eV **
          DIELECTRIC CONSTANT     =         78.355
          GRADIENT NORM           =     279.339854
          RMS GRADIENT NORM       =      36.062620
          DIPOLE                  =       4.214808 debyes
          NO. OF FILLED LEVELS    =      29 (OCC = 2)
          MOLECULAR POINT GROUP   = C1    0.100000
          MOLECULAR WEIGHT        =     144.173
          COMPUTATION TIME        =       0.10     seconds

       ** ENERGY INCLUDES SOLVATION ENERGY

          FINAL GEOMETRY OBTAINED                                 CHARGE
 AM1 RHF SINGLET COSMO 1SCF BONDS GRAD T=AUTO
 Alanine
 COSMO
  C     0.000000  0    0.000000  0    0.000000  0    0   0   0   -0.2568
  C     1.530000  1    0.000000  0    0.000000  0    1   0   0    0.3446
  O     1.230011  1  120.501208  1    0.000000  0    2   1   0   -0.5552
  N     1.290033  1  116.499504  1 -180.000000  1    2   1   3   -0.3261
  C     1.459953  1  120.497883  1 -180.000000  1    4   2   1   -0.0125
  C     1.530051  1  109.498837  1 -180.000000  1    5   4   2    0.3337
  O     1.229988  1  120.500930  1   -0.000000  1    6   5   4   -0.5435
  N     1.289993  1  116.498549  1 -180.000000  1    6   5   4   -0.3267
  C     1.460055  1  120.499075  1 -180.000000  1    8   6   5   -0.0815
  H     1.080041  1  109.498594  1   -0.000000  1    1   2   3    0.1127
  H     1.080017  1  109.499044  1  119.997576  1    1   2   3    0.1184
  H     1.080017  1  109.499044  1 -119.997576  1    1   2   3    0.1183
  H     1.008973  1  119.747429  1   -0.000000  1    4   2   1    0.2835
  H     1.080037  1  109.503566  1  -60.003303  1    5   4   2    0.1450
  H     1.008990  1  119.749793  1   -0.000000  1    8   6   5    0.2838
  H     1.080000  1  109.500984  1 -180.000000  1    9   8   6    0.1118
  H     1.080014  1  109.496406  1   60.001100  1    9   8   6    0.0935
  H     1.080014  1  109.496406  1  -60.001100  1    9   8   6    0.0934
  C     1.529975  1  109.501915  1   60.001401  1    5   4   2   -0.2385
  H     1.080031  1  109.499686  1  -60.040097  1   19   5   4    0.1093
  H     1.080063  1  109.502690  1  179.967663  1   19   5   4    0.0982
  H     1.079995  1  109.501824  1   59.959724  1   19   5   4    0.0947
  0     0.000000  0    0.000000  0    0.000000  0    0   0   0
1

The solvation energy is directly included in the heat of formation and total energy.

Output File (cosmo/cosmo.out) :

 Timestamp: 2004-02-12-14-41-04-0000003214-hpux
 *******************************************************************************
                             AM1 CALCULATION RESULTS
 *******************************************************************************
 *                             AMPAC Version 8.13
 *                                Presented by:
 *
 *                           Semichem, Inc.
 *                           PO Box 1649
 *                           Shawnee KS 66222
 *                           (913)268-3271
 *                           (913)268-3445 (fax)
 *
 *  1SCF     - READ KEYWORD BUT DO 1 SCF AND THEN STOP
 *  COSMO    - SOLVATION MODEL IN USE
 *  DIELEC=  - THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT IS 78.355
 * or  EPS=    
 * REFRACT=  - THE SOLVENT INDEX OF REFRACTION IS 1.3328
 * or IOFR=
 *  T=AUTO   - AUTOMATIC DETERMINATION OF ALLOWED TIME
 *  BONDS    - FINAL BOND-ORDER MATRIX TO BE PRINTED
 *  GRADIENTS- ALL GRADIENTS TO BE PRINTED
 *  SINGLET  - IS THE REQUIRED SPIN MULTIPLICITY
 *  AM1      - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED
 *******************************************************************************
 AM1 RHF SINGLET COSMO 1SCF BONDS GRAD T=AUTO
 Alanine
 COSMO
    ATOM    CHEMICAL   BOND LENGTH    BOND ANGLE    TWIST ANGLE
   NUMBER   SYMBOL     (ANGSTROMS)     (DEGREES)     (DEGREES)
    (I)                   NA:I          NB:NA:I      NC:NB:NA:I   NA  NB  NC
      1     C
      2     C          1.53000 *                                   1
      3     O          1.23001 *      120.50121 *                  2   1
      4     N          1.29003 *      116.49950 *  -180.00000 *    2   1   3
      5     C          1.45995 *      120.49788 *  -180.00000 *    4   2   1
      6     C          1.53005 *      109.49884 *  -180.00000 *    5   4   2
      7     O          1.22999 *      120.50093 *    -0.00000 *    6   5   4
      8     N          1.28999 *      116.49855 *  -180.00000 *    6   5   4
      9     C          1.46005 *      120.49908 *  -180.00000 *    8   6   5
     10     H          1.08004 *      109.49859 *    -0.00000 *    1   2   3
     11     H          1.08002 *      109.49904 *   119.99758 *    1   2   3
     12     H          1.08002 *      109.49904 *  -119.99758 *    1   2   3
     13     H          1.00897 *      119.74743 *    -0.00000 *    4   2   1
     14     H          1.08004 *      109.50357 *   -60.00330 *    5   4   2
     15     H          1.00899 *      119.74979 *    -0.00000 *    8   6   5
     16     H          1.08000 *      109.50098 *  -180.00000 *    9   8   6
     17     H          1.08001 *      109.49641 *    60.00110 *    9   8   6
     18     H          1.08001 *      109.49641 *   -60.00110 *    9   8   6
     19     C          1.52997 *      109.50191 *    60.00140 *    5   4   2
     20     H          1.08003 *      109.49969 *   -60.04010 *   19   5   4
     21     H          1.08006 *      109.50269 *   179.96766 *   19   5   4
     22     H          1.08000 *      109.50182 *    59.95972 *   19   5   4

 CARTESIAN COORDINATES READ IN BUT CALCULATION TO BE RUN IN INTERNAL COORDINATES.
   MOLECULAR POINT GROUP            SYMMETRY CRITERIA
            C1                          0.10000000

          SINGLET STATE CALCULATION

        **  REFERENCES TO PARAMETERS  **

  H  (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)
  C  (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)
  N  (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)
  O  (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)          

          CARTESIAN COORDINATES
    NO.       ATOM         X         Y         Z
     1         6        0.0000    0.0000    0.0000
     2         6        1.5300    0.0000    0.0000
     3         8        2.1543    1.0598    0.0000
     4         7        2.1056   -1.1545   -0.0000
     5         6        3.5620   -1.2563    0.0000
     6         6        3.9709   -2.7307   -0.0000
     7         8        3.1165   -3.6155   -0.0000
     8         7        5.2372   -2.9768   -0.0000
     9         6        5.7246   -4.3531   -0.0000
    10         1       -0.3605    1.0181    0.0000
    11         1       -0.3605   -0.5090   -0.8817
    12         1       -0.3605   -0.5090    0.8817
    13         1        1.5450   -1.9934   -0.0000
    14         1        3.9572   -0.7737   -0.8817
    15         1        5.8958   -2.2124    0.0000
    16         1        6.8046   -4.3531   -0.0000
    17         1        5.3651   -4.8628   -0.8817
    18         1        5.3651   -4.8628    0.8817
    19         6        4.1218   -0.5726    1.2490
    20         1        3.8348    0.4686    1.2493
    21         1        5.1992   -0.6484    1.2493
    22         1        3.7272   -1.0545    2.1313


 COSMO VAN DER WAALS RADII (ANGSTROMS):      1
 H    1.080  DEFAULT COSMO VALUE
 C    1.530  DEFAULT COSMO VALUE     
 N    1.480  DEFAULT COSMO VALUE
 O    1.360  DEFAULT COSMO VALUE     
 STANDARD DEVIATION ON ENERGY   (KCAL)       0.00233388854
 STANDARD DEVIATION ON GRADIENT (KCAL/A,RD,RD)  0.42667667 1.19464631 0.86309175

 AM1 RHF SINGLET COSMO 1SCF BONDS GRAD T=AUTO
 Alanine
 COSMO

     1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO NO OPTIMIZATION ATTEMPTED         
     SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED

                                AM1    CALCULATION
                                                            VERSION 8.13

                                                       Feb-12-2004             

          FINAL HEAT OF FORMATION =     -83.390942 kcal **     2
                                  =    -348.991092 kJ **
          ELECTRONIC ENERGY       =   -9445.424626 eV
          CORE-CORE REPULSION     =    7456.602843 eV
          TOTAL ENERGY            =   -1988.821782 eV **
          COSMO TOTAL SURFACE     =            81.80 squared angstroms     3
          COSMO POLARIZATION ENERGY =    -1.222711 eV  ( 178 SEGMENTS)     4
          DIELECTRIC CONSTANT     =         78.355
          GRADIENT NORM           =     279.339854
          RMS GRADIENT NORM       =      36.062620
          MOLECULAR POINT GROUP   = C1    0.100000
          NO. OF FILLED LEVELS    =      29 (OCC = 2)
          MOLECULAR WEIGHT        =     144.173
          SCF CALCULATIONS        =       1
          COMPUTATION TIME        =       0.09     seconds

       ** ENERGY INCLUDES SOLVATION ENERGY

       FINAL  POINT  AND  DERIVATIVES
   PARAMETER     ATOM    TYPE            VALUE       GRADIENT
      1          2 C     BOND            1.530000    -4.502079  kcal/angstrom
      2          3 O     BOND            1.230011   -93.995653  kcal/angstrom
      3          3 O     ANGLE         120.501208    10.310205  kcal/radian  
      4          4 N     BOND            1.290033  -152.505805  kcal/angstrom
      5          4 N     ANGLE         116.499504     0.194657  kcal/radian  
      6          4 N     DIHEDRAL     -180.000000    -3.488670  kcal/radian
      7          5 C     BOND            1.459953   -18.529784  kcal/angstrom
      8          5 C     ANGLE         120.497883   -27.515671  kcal/radian
      9          5 C     DIHEDRAL     -180.000000    -3.511067  kcal/radian  
     10          6 C     BOND            1.530051   -41.503329  kcal/angstrom
     11          6 C     ANGLE         109.498837   -10.062338  kcal/radian  
     12          6 C     DIHEDRAL     -180.000000    -5.014627  kcal/radian
     13          7 O     BOND            1.229988   -98.311621  kcal/angstrom
     14          7 O     ANGLE         120.500930    -6.884287  kcal/radian
     15          7 O     DIHEDRAL       -0.000000    -0.189520  kcal/radian  
     16          8 N     BOND            1.289993  -139.515455  kcal/angstrom
     17          8 N     ANGLE         116.498549   -10.710787  kcal/radian
     18          8 N     DIHEDRAL     -180.000000     3.041801  kcal/radian  
     19          9 C     BOND            1.460055    12.046215  kcal/angstrom
     20          9 C     ANGLE         120.499075   -13.093045  kcal/radian  
     21          9 C     DIHEDRAL     -180.000000    -0.159804  kcal/radian
     22         10 H     BOND            1.080041   -31.688301  kcal/angstrom
     23         10 H     ANGLE         109.498594     1.479074  kcal/radian
     24         10 H     DIHEDRAL       -0.000000    -0.003468  kcal/radian  
     25         11 H     BOND            1.080017   -33.371425  kcal/angstrom
     26         11 H     ANGLE         109.499044    -1.053018  kcal/radian  
     27         11 H     DIHEDRAL      119.997576     0.656857  kcal/radian
     28         12 H     BOND            1.080017   -33.369291  kcal/angstrom
     29         12 H     ANGLE         109.499044    -1.060471  kcal/radian
     30         12 H     DIHEDRAL     -119.997576    -0.651472  kcal/radian  
     31         13 H     BOND            1.008973     6.259371  kcal/angstrom
     32         13 H     ANGLE         119.747429    -8.194604  kcal/radian  
     33         13 H     DIHEDRAL       -0.000000     0.403411  kcal/radian
     34         14 H     BOND            1.080037   -40.966670  kcal/angstrom
     35         14 H     ANGLE         109.503566     3.036808  kcal/radian
     36         14 H     DIHEDRAL      -60.003303     0.436064  kcal/radian  
     37         15 H     BOND            1.008990     8.264233  kcal/angstrom
     38         15 H     ANGLE         119.749793    -8.279753  kcal/radian  
     39         15 H     DIHEDRAL       -0.000000     0.587578  kcal/radian
     40         16 H     BOND            1.080000   -35.582139  kcal/angstrom
     41         16 H     ANGLE         109.500984     2.790450  kcal/radian
     42         16 H     DIHEDRAL     -180.000000     0.008126  kcal/radian  
     43         17 H     BOND            1.080014   -36.734416  kcal/angstrom
     44         17 H     ANGLE         109.496406     0.860052  kcal/radian  
     45         17 H     DIHEDRAL       60.001100     0.750370  kcal/radian
     46         18 H     BOND            1.080014   -36.733983  kcal/angstrom
     47         18 H     ANGLE         109.496406     0.868793  kcal/radian
     48         18 H     DIHEDRAL      -60.001100    -0.760457  kcal/radian  
     49         19 C     BOND            1.529975   -21.924997  kcal/angstrom
     50         19 C     ANGLE         109.501915   -17.188750  kcal/radian  
     51         19 C     DIHEDRAL       60.001401    -4.032416  kcal/radian
     52         20 H     BOND            1.080031   -32.626946  kcal/angstrom
     53         20 H     ANGLE         109.499686    -4.561912  kcal/radian
     54         20 H     DIHEDRAL      -60.040097     2.040486  kcal/radian  
     55         21 H     BOND            1.080063   -32.323524  kcal/angstrom
     56         21 H     ANGLE         109.502690    -3.259014  kcal/radian  
     57         21 H     DIHEDRAL      179.967663    -2.032350  kcal/radian
     58         22 H     BOND            1.079995   -33.493942  kcal/angstrom
     59         22 H     ANGLE         109.501824    -3.528112  kcal/radian
     60         22 H     DIHEDRAL       59.959724    -0.561290  kcal/radian  

    ATOM    CHEMICAL   BOND LENGTH    BOND ANGLE    TWIST ANGLE
   NUMBER   SYMBOL     (ANGSTROMS)     (DEGREES)     (DEGREES)
    (I)                   NA:I          NB:NA:I      NC:NB:NA:I   NA  NB  NC
      1     C
      2     C          1.53000 *                                   1
      3     O          1.23001 *      120.50121 *                  2   1
      4     N          1.29003 *      116.49950 *  -180.00000 *    2   1   3
      5     C          1.45995 *      120.49788 *  -180.00000 *    4   2   1
      6     C          1.53005 *      109.49884 *  -180.00000 *    5   4   2
      7     O          1.22999 *      120.50093 *    -0.00000 *    6   5   4
      8     N          1.28999 *      116.49855 *  -180.00000 *    6   5   4
      9     C          1.46005 *      120.49908 *  -180.00000 *    8   6   5
     10     H          1.08004 *      109.49859 *    -0.00000 *    1   2   3
     11     H          1.08002 *      109.49904 *   119.99758 *    1   2   3
     12     H          1.08002 *      109.49904 *  -119.99758 *    1   2   3
     13     H          1.00897 *      119.74743 *    -0.00000 *    4   2   1
     14     H          1.08004 *      109.50357 *   -60.00330 *    5   4   2
     15     H          1.00899 *      119.74979 *    -0.00000 *    8   6   5
     16     H          1.08000 *      109.50098 *  -180.00000 *    9   8   6
     17     H          1.08001 *      109.49641 *    60.00110 *    9   8   6
     18     H          1.08001 *      109.49641 *   -60.00110 *    9   8   6
     19     C          1.52997 *      109.50191 *    60.00140 *    5   4   2
     20     H          1.08003 *      109.49969 *   -60.04010 *   19   5   4
     21     H          1.08006 *      109.50269 *   179.96766 *   19   5   4
     22     H          1.08000 *      109.50182 *    59.95972 *   19   5   4

   MOLECULAR POINT GROUP            SYMMETRY CRITERIA
            C1                          0.10000000

          RHF  EIGENVALUES
 -41.81396 -40.35794 -36.30505 -36.09391 -33.06237 -29.92116 -28.34710 -25.26183
 -21.92331 -21.44020 -19.36080 -18.18188 -17.37348 -17.14943 -16.42464 -16.31681
 -15.03373 -14.81171 -14.20713 -13.78316 -13.66196 -13.53663 -13.30871 -13.12980
 -12.79853 -11.42701 -11.03606 -10.71996 -10.53968   1.20697   1.41741   1.71774
   2.24021   3.19319   3.58570   3.82107   4.07830   4.33385   4.40872   4.48981
   4.55524   4.56399   4.72673   4.86780   4.94614   4.98933   5.07735   5.19370
   6.12785   6.23050   6.70434   6.86341

          NET ATOMIC CHARGES AND DIPOLE CONTRIBUTIONS
         ATOM NO.   TYPE          CHARGE        ATOM ELECTRON DENSITY
           1         C           -0.2568          4.2568
           2         C            0.3446          3.6554
           3         O           -0.5552          6.5552
           4         N           -0.3261          5.3261
           5         C           -0.0125          4.0125
           6         C            0.3337          3.6663
           7         O           -0.5435          6.5435
           8         N           -0.3267          5.3267
           9         C           -0.0815          4.0815
          10         H            0.1127          0.8873
          11         H            0.1184          0.8816
          12         H            0.1183          0.8817
          13         H            0.2835          0.7165
          14         H            0.1450          0.8550
          15         H            0.2838          0.7162
          16         H            0.1118          0.8882
          17         H            0.0935          0.9065
          18         H            0.0934          0.9066
          19         C           -0.2385          4.2385
          20         H            0.1093          0.8907
          21         H            0.0982          0.9018
          22         H            0.0947          0.9053

 DIPOLE (DEBYE)   X         Y         Z       TOTAL
 POINT-CHG.     3.244    -2.388     0.168     4.031
 HYBRID         0.127    -0.139    -0.027     0.188
 SUM            3.370    -2.527     0.141     4.215


          CARTESIAN COORDINATES
    NO.       ATOM               X         Y         Z
     1        C                   0.0000    0.0000    0.0000
     2        C                   1.5300    0.0000    0.0000
     3        O                   2.1543    1.0598    0.0000
     4        N                   2.1056   -1.1545   -0.0000
     5        C                   3.5620   -1.2563    0.0000
     6        C                   3.9709   -2.7307   -0.0000
     7        O                   3.1165   -3.6155   -0.0000
     8        N                   5.2372   -2.9768   -0.0000
     9        C                   5.7246   -4.3531   -0.0000
    10        H                  -0.3605    1.0181    0.0000
    11        H                  -0.3605   -0.5090   -0.8817
    12        H                  -0.3605   -0.5090    0.8817
    13        H                   1.5450   -1.9934   -0.0000
    14        H                   3.9572   -0.7737   -0.8817
    15        H                   5.8958   -2.2124    0.0000
    16        H                   6.8046   -4.3531   -0.0000
    17        H                   5.3651   -4.8628   -0.8817
    18        H                   5.3651   -4.8628    0.8817
    19        C                   4.1218   -0.5726    1.2490
    20        H                   3.8348    0.4686    1.2493
    21        H                   5.1992   -0.6484    1.2493
    22        H                   3.7272   -1.0545    2.1313

          ATOMIC ORBITAL ELECTRON POPULATIONS
   1.22192   0.90900   1.06509   1.06082   1.19794   0.90938   0.82474   0.72330
   1.90669   1.71560   1.33198   1.60091   1.45500   1.07476   1.11062   1.68568
   1.21615   0.82392   0.94053   1.03194   1.19355   0.82993   0.90275   0.74010
   1.90693   1.51904   1.51428   1.60322   1.45481   1.07961   1.12580   1.66649
   1.21509   1.01855   0.80994   1.03794   0.88727   0.88165   0.88169   0.71647
   0.85499   0.71620   0.88820   0.90652   0.90658   1.21924   1.02300   1.03544
   0.96085   0.89074   0.90184   0.90532

                    BOND ORDERS AND VALENCIES

               C   1      C   2      O   3      N   4      C   5      C   6
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    C   1   3.929934
    C   2   0.932099   3.829377
    O   3   0.045819   1.580707   1.837451
    N   4   0.025755   1.262508   0.163610   3.297657
    C   5   0.020148   0.010342   0.005522   0.930877   3.899497
    C   6   0.000946   0.006607   0.000131   0.004213   0.902627   3.847225
    O   7   0.000016   0.000078   0.000150   0.003083   0.051117   1.577924
    N   8   0.000359   0.000925   0.000068   0.003992   0.025310   1.293040
    C   9   0.000168   0.000458   0.000028   0.001317   0.018941   0.011332
    H  10   0.972716   0.003286   0.000615   0.005079   0.001953   0.000117
    H  11   0.965316   0.006926   0.007157   0.003330   0.000013   0.000002
    H  12   0.965325   0.006902   0.007184   0.003306   0.000008   0.000006
    H  13   0.000642   0.009151   0.016274   0.866716   0.011540   0.000903
    H  14   0.000041   0.003447   0.002419   0.006115   0.937118   0.007518
    H  15   0.000001   0.000001   0.000001   0.000027   0.000385   0.009498
    H  16   0.000015   0.000041   0.000003   0.000110   0.000915   0.007752
    H  17   0.000000   0.000000   0.000000   0.000001   0.000017   0.004673
    H  18   0.000000   0.000001   0.000000   0.000004   0.000028   0.004657
    C  19   0.000211   0.004683   0.004741   0.009473   0.972173   0.008201
    H  20   0.000008   0.000362   0.002625   0.000334   0.002671   0.006544
    H  21   0.000333   0.000567   0.000377   0.007261   0.004110   0.000113
    H  22   0.000018   0.000286   0.000019   0.000546   0.003683   0.000422
               O   7      N   8      C   9      H  10      H  11      H  12
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    O   7   1.849558
    N   8   0.170304   3.318991
    C   9   0.005246   0.929434   3.882285
    H  10   0.000003   0.000040   0.000021   0.987292
    H  11   0.000000   0.000001   0.000000   0.001660   0.985992
    H  12   0.000001   0.000001   0.000000   0.001664   0.001212   0.986002
    H  13   0.005877   0.000182   0.000026   0.000074   0.000234   0.000226
    H  14   0.005762   0.002907   0.000082   0.000010   0.000053   0.000074
    H  15   0.016594   0.871917   0.011528   0.000000   0.000000   0.000000
    H  16   0.000046   0.003094   0.968991   0.000002   0.000000   0.000000
    H  17   0.002934   0.005861   0.967111   0.000000   0.000000   0.000000
    H  18   0.002920   0.005865   0.967109   0.000000   0.000000   0.000000
    C  19   0.006384   0.004932   0.000361   0.000013   0.000083   0.000079
    H  20   0.001005   0.000554   0.000051   0.000003   0.000000   0.000001
    H  21   0.000085   0.000142   0.000033   0.000032   0.000004   0.000010
    H  22   0.000031   0.000065   0.000048   0.000006   0.000001   0.000001
               H  13      H  14      H  15      H  16      H  17      H  18
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    H  13   0.919610
    H  14   0.003505   0.978973
    H  15   0.000008   0.000204   0.919457
    H  16   0.000001   0.000007   0.000447   0.987501
    H  17   0.000000   0.000062   0.003411   0.003030   0.991262
    H  18   0.000000   0.000070   0.003448   0.003037   0.004047   0.991272
    C  19   0.003221   0.003375   0.000510   0.000006   0.000099   0.000081
    H  20   0.000055   0.000288   0.000009   0.000006   0.000014   0.000004
    H  21   0.000883   0.000019   0.001471   0.000000   0.000000   0.000000
    H  22   0.000092   0.005897   0.000000   0.000002   0.000001   0.000001
               C  19      H  20      H  21      H  22
 ------------------------------------------------------
    C  19   3.935267
    H  20   0.969785   0.988062
    H  21   0.971040   0.001762   0.990365
    H  22   0.975817   0.001979   0.002122   0.991035

     FULL COMPUTATION TIME :      0.10 SECONDS
 Process Info: 0.2u 0.3s 0:01 55%
1

The Van der Waals radii for each element used in the COSMO calculation. These default values may be overridden using the VDW keyword.

2

The solvation energy is directly included in the heat of formation and total energy.

3

Total surface area in the COSMO calculation.

4

COSMO polarization energy.



[27]   A. Klamt, G. Schüürmann. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1993, 220, 799.

[28]   A. Klamt. J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 2224.